\n
\u641e\u61c2Python\u7c7b\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/span>\n <\/div>\n \u7c7b\uff1a<\/b>\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8be5\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u5171\u6709\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/span> \u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span> @staticmethod\uff0c\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9690\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012self<\/span>\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u6280\u672f\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n
\n \u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/b>\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6210\u5458\uff08\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span>
\n \u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/b>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u79f0\u4e3a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/span>
\n \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/b>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a self \u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/span>
\n \u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/b>\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u662f\u516c\u7528\u7684\u3002\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u4e14\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/span>
\n \u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/b>\u5728\u7c7b\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528 self \u4fee\u9970\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/span>
\n \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/b>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u7c7b\u3002<\/span>
\n \u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199\uff1a<\/b>\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u7236\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53eb\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8986\u76d6\uff08override\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u91cd\u5199\u3002<\/span>
\n \u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d\uff1a<\/b>\u7c7b\u4e2d\u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\u578b\u8981\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u6216\u8005\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51fd\u6570.<\/span>
\n \u5c01\u88c5\uff1a<\/b>\u5c06\u7c7b\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u9690\u85cf\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9690\u85cf\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4ec5\u5bf9\u5916\u63d0\u4f9b\u516c\u5171\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span>
\n \u7ee7\u627f\uff1a<\/b>\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\uff08derived class\uff09\u7ee7\u627f\u57fa\u7c7b\uff08base class\uff09\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7ee7\u627f\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5bf9\u5f85\u3002<\/span>
\n \u591a\u6001\uff1a<\/b>\u591a\u6001\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u4e8b\u7269\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u591a\u6001\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7ee7\u627f\uff09.<\/span>
\n \u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\uff1a<\/b>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u7c7b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/span> <\/p>\n\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b<\/h2>\n
class<\/span> \u7c7b\u540d:
\u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5
\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf
\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5
<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
\n \u7c7b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7c7b\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/span> <\/p>\n class<\/span> Animal():
# __init__\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c,\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed1\u5b9aname\u548ccolor\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>
def<\/span> __init__( self, name, color<\/span>):
self.name = name<\/span>
self.color = color<\/span>
def<\/span> play( self, action<\/span>):
print('%s\u6b63\u5728\u73a9%s.' % (self.name, action)<\/span>)
animal<\/span> = Animal(\"dog\",\"black\"<\/span>)
animal.<\/span>play(\"\u7bee\u7403\"<\/span>)
<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\ndog\u6b63\u5728\u73a9\u7bee\u7403.<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n def<\/span> __init__(self):
self.data = []<\/span> <\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n animal = Animal(\"dog\",\"black\")<\/span> <\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
\n \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0<\/b>, \u6309\u7167\u60ef\u4f8b\u5b83\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u662f self\u3002\n <\/div>\n class<\/span> Animal:
def<\/span> show( self<\/span>):
print(self<\/span>)
print(self.__class__<\/span>)
animal<\/span> = Animal(<\/span>)
animal.<\/span>show(<\/span>)
<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<__main__.Animal instance at 0x10ad9d638>
__main__.Animal<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n class<\/span> Animal():
def<\/span> show( lidihuo<\/span>):
print(lidihuo<\/span>)
print(lidihuo.__class__<\/span>)
animal<\/span> = Animal(<\/span>)
animal.<\/span>show(<\/span>)
<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<__main__.Animal instance at 0x10ad9d638>
__main__.Animal<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650<\/h2>\n
class<\/span> Animal:
# __init__\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c,\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed1\u5b9aname\u548ccolor\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>
def<\/span> __init__( self, name, color<\/span>):
self.name = name<\/span>
self.color = color<\/span>
def<\/span> __play( self, action<\/span>):
print('%s\u6b63\u5728\u73a9%s.' % (self.name, action)<\/span>)
def<\/span> main():
animal<\/span> = Animal(\"dog\",\"black\"<\/span>)
animal.<\/span>__play(\"\u7bee\u7403\"<\/span>)
if<\/span> __name__ == \"__main__\":
main() <\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\nTraceback (most recent call last):
File \"script.py\", line 14, in
main()
File \"script.py\", line 12, in main
animal.__play(\"\u7bee\u7403\")
AttributeError: 'Animal' object has no attribute '__play'<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n@property\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h2>\n
class<\/span> Animal:
def<\/span> __init__( self, name, color<\/span>):
self.name = name<\/span>
self.color = color<\/span>
# \u8bbf\u95ee\u5668 - getter\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
@property<\/span>
def<\/span> name( self<\/span>):
return self._name<\/span>
# \u8bbf\u95ee\u5668 - getter\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
@property<\/span>
def<\/span> color( self<\/span>):
return self._color<\/span>
# \u4fee\u6539\u5668 - setter\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
@name.setter<\/span>
def<\/span> name( self, name<\/span>):
self._name = name<\/span>
# \u4fee\u6539\u5668 - setter\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
@color.setter<\/span>
def<\/span> color( self, color<\/span>):
self._color = color<\/span>
def<\/span> play( self, action<\/span>):
print('%s\u6b63\u5728\u73a9%s.' % (self.name, action)<\/span>)
def<\/span> main():
animal<\/span> = Animal(\"dog\",\"black\"<\/span>)
animal.<\/span>play(\"\u7bee\u7403\"<\/span>)
if<\/span> __name__ == \"__main__\":
main() <\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\ndog\u6b63\u5728\u73a9\u7bee\u7403.<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n__slots__\u9b54\u6cd5<\/h2>\n
class<\/span> Animal:
# \u9650\u5b9aPerson\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ea\u80fd\u7ed1\u5b9a_name, _color\u548c_age\u5c5e\u6027<\/span>
__slots__ = ('_name', '_color', '_age'<\/span>)
def<\/span> __init__( self, name, color<\/span>):
self.name = name<\/span>
self.color = color<\/span>
# \u8bbf\u95ee\u5668 - getter\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
@property<\/span>
def<\/span> name( self<\/span>):
return self._name<\/span>
# \u8bbf\u95ee\u5668 - getter\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
@property<\/span>
def<\/span> color( self<\/span>):
return self._color<\/span>
# \u4fee\u6539\u5668 - setter\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
@name.setter<\/span>
def<\/span> name( self, name<\/span>):
self._name = name<\/span>
# \u4fee\u6539\u5668 - setter\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
@color.setter<\/span>
def<\/span> color( self, color<\/span>):
self._color = color<\/span>
def<\/span> play( self, action<\/span>):
print('%s\u6b63\u5728\u73a9%s.' % (self.name, action)<\/span>)
def<\/span> main():
animal<\/span> = Animal(\"dog\",\"black\"<\/span>)
animal.<\/span>play(\"\u7bee\u7403\"<\/span>)
animal._age<\/span> = (5<\/span>)
animal._weight<\/span> = (50<\/span>)
if<\/span> __name__ == \"__main__\":
main() <\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\nanimal._weight = (50)
AttributeError: 'Animal' object has no attribute '_weight'<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n
\n @classmethod\uff0c\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684self\u662f\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\u4f20\u7684\u503c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u516c\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u516c\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/span> <\/p>\n class<\/span> Animal: